Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science | Biomedscis

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Obesity in Children and Adolescents by Hubert Mado* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS)   The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a number of restrictions, including movement limitations and the closure of educational establishments. The shift to remote learning and staying at home during the hard times of the pandemic contributed to adverse consequences for children and adolescents. It is reported that during the pandemic there was a significant increase in eating disorders and the problem of overweight and obesity. This has been shown to be related to poor mental health, but also boredom and sedentary lifestyles. The restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the transmission of coronavirus. Nevertheless, according to the study, these restrictions exacerbated risk factors for the development of another epidemic - the obesity epidemic. As a result, we are likely to experience an increase in the n...

Efficacy of Letrozole as Maintenance Therapy for Ovarian Cancer by Juan Carlos Rivera Acosta* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) Ovarian cancer is a persistent disease with periods of recurrence. Surgery with subsequent chemotherapy is not sufficient to stop the disease. The aim of this study is to establish whether letrozole applied as maintenance therapy can prolong life without progression. Thanks to exposure of estrogen receptors in ovarian cancer cells, hormonal therapy provides an alternative treatment method. Aromatase inhibitors block synthesis of estrogen and prevent progression of ovarian cancer. More advantages are observed when using aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) in low-stage serous and endometrioid ovarian cancer. However, further investigations are needed to better evaluate this maintenance treatment. https://biomedscis.com/fulltext/efficacy-of-letrozole-as-maintenance-therapy-for-ovarian-cancer.ID.000320.php To Know More About Open Access Jour...

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Adverse Role of Aggressive Fluid Therapy in Severe Acute Pancreatitis by Juan Carlos Rivera Acosta* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease that currently lacks specific treatment. Measures such as early endoscopic sphincterotomy or prophylactic antibiotic therapy in severe AP have not shown a clear benefit in published meta-analyzes. For this reason, in clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews, supportive treatment is highlighted as the most important measure to improve the clinical course of this disease, and in particular, early and aggressive fluid therapy is recommended. It is important to perform this review to gather the most recent information available about severe acute pancreatitis, emphasizing diagnosis and treatment in order to offer the majority of patient’s adequate management. Being such a common pathology in the emergency service and taking into account the high morbidity-mortality that it can present. http...

Palliative Care for the Late-Stage Cancer Patient During the COVID-19 Era: A Report of the Challenges by Diana Evelyn Villa-Guillen* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) Objective: To report the main factors of oncological palliative care in the late-stage cancer patient affected during the pandemic of COVID-19, as recognized by the international medical community. Methods: We followed the PRISMA guidelines and searched on the electronic database PubMed using the search terms: palliative care, neoplasms, cancer, pandemic, and quality of life. We excluded articles of recommendations and guidelines, opinion articles, conference abstracts, or articles published before March 11 th , 2020, the official WHO date of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Seven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria of 1,400. Those research articles are from Norway, UK, Palestine, Egypt, Jordan, Africa, India, The Netherlands, Germany, and Turkey. Three studies were cross-sectional surveys, ...

Artificial Intelligence in Radiology in Pakistan; Pros and Cons by Khurram Khaliq Bhinder* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a computer-based software to analyze data (signs, symptoms, images etc.) with the machines in a way (algorithms) that can mimic the human cognitive functions to optimize problem solving [1]. Ever since the development of the Computer Assisted Detection (CAD), AI has come a long way. Machine learning (ML: linear algorithms) and Deep Learning (DL; Artificial neural connection inspired network) are the two major subsets employed in problem solving. In radiology AI has aided in a few different diagnoses that include more accurate detection of breast cancers (from 75.3%-85.8%) [2], classifying most common posterior fossa brain tumors (wait time from 40 minutes for pathology down to 3 minutes) [3], detection of neurodegenerative diseases (ALS, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s) in under 10 seconds, finding out hidden fractur...

Toll-Like Receptor-4, Synthesis is Regulated by JNK Signaling, by Three Glucocorticoids Isoforms and by Three Interferons Isoforms, also its Advantages in Activities Depending on the Containment from Arg, Proline and Hydrophobic Amino Acids in its Compositions by Ashraf Marzouk El Tantawi* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS)   Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), synthesis is regulated by JNK signaling, by three glucocorticoids isoforms, and by the three interferons isoforms, also depending on availabilities of LPS & on long fatty acids chains with Arg and proline availabilities. For performing and running the mitochondrial oxidative processes for producing fatty-acyl-CoA-synthetase followed by fatty-acyl-CoAsynthase followed by fatty-acyl-CoA-phospholipase productions for linear TLR4 active beta-subunits which will be transformed into TLR4 -alpha upon phospholipase effects, which will follow phosphorylation process (alpha-oxidations) for generate Guanosine triphosphat...

Histopathological Findings in an Autopsy of Covid-19 Positive Young Male by Niti Dalal* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) First confirmed case of novel coronavirus was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and designated as SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Afterwards, it spreads very rapidly all over the world. World Health Organization declared it as pandemic on 11th march, 2020. The symptoms range from mild to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to hospitalization and eventually, death of the patient. Lung is the predominant organ which is severely affected. Here, we present an autopsy finding in heart and lungs in a 22-year-old male who died with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia and ARDS in November 2020. https://biomedscis.com/fulltext/histopathological-findings-in-an-autopsy-of-covid-19-positive-young-male.ID.000315.php To Know More About Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science Please Visit: Biomedscis Are Click on:   https://Bio...

Safety of Growth Hormone Therapy in Patients with Idiopathic Short Stature: A Systematic Review by Elaine Rossi Ribeiro* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS) Introduction: Idiopathic short stature is a common condition in the pediatric population requiring growth hormone therapy. Thus, based on patient safety concepts, we sought to group the main literature data related to this aspect in different countries. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to identify what the literature says about the main safety aspects of growth hormone therapy in children with idiopathic short stature. Methods: This is a systematic review using PubMed, BVS portal, Cochrane, LILACS, and CAPES databases, with the descriptors idiopathic short stature, human growth hormone therapy, patient safety, children, and the boolean “AND” between them. Inclusion criteria were children with idiopathic short stature treated at some point during their lifetime with growth hormone and studies d...