Non-Dipping Blood Pressure Variations in Juvenile Kazakhs are Derived from Increased Sympathetic Activity and Decreased Parasympathetic Activity Particularly Decreased Daytime Physical Activity: OAJBS Publishers

Non-Dipping Blood Pressure Variations in Juvenile Kazakhs are Derived from Increased Sympathetic Activity and Decreased Parasympathetic Activity Particularly Decreased Daytime Physical Activity by Hiroshi Kawamura* in Open Access Journal of Biomedical Science (OAJBS)

A large number of adult Kazakhs are reported to have hypertension and to exhibit non-dipping blood pressure variations (BPV). The purpose of this study was to determine whether such non-dipping variations also exist in juvenile Kazakhs. This study aimed to clarify the mechanisms responsible for these non-dipping type BPV by examining the autonomic function and physical activity of juvenile Kazakhs. Briefly, we selected clinically healthy Kazakhs who were aged between 9 and 10 years old from the Xinjiang Autonomic Region of the People’s Republic of China. All subjects were active and underwent routine physical, blood, and urine examinations. We also performed ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. We assessed the subjects’ autonomic function by performing a frequency domain analysis of their heart rate variability (HRV) and monitored the subjects’ physical activity with accelerometery. We analysed systolic blood pressure (SBP) variations with the maximum entropy method (MEM). MEM analysis revealed that the SBP variations of the non-dipping juvenile Kazakhs exhibited a 24-hr periodicity (0.04 1/hr) with a very weak power spectral density. The non-dippers had higher low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratios and lower HF/(LF+HF) ratios than the dippers. Neither the 24-hr physical activity scores nor the night-time physical activity scores of the non-dippers and dippers differed significantly. However, the daytime physical activity scores of the non-dippers were lower than those of the dippers. These differences in autonomic function and physical activity might contribute to the generation of weak circadian variations in SBP in juvenile Kazakhs. Thus, these alterations might ultimately lead to the non-dipping SBP variations observed in non-dipping juvenile Kazakhs.

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